Thearubigins

Complex polymeric polyphenols that form during extended oxidation, responsible for black tea's deep reddish-brown color and full body. Thearubigins are the most abundant polyphenols in black tea (10-20% of dry weight), but their heterogeneous structure makes them difficult to characterize individually. They contribute the mouthfeel, depth, and 'thickness' that distinguishes a full-bodied Assam from a lighter Darjeeling. While less studied than theaflavins, thearubigins are increasingly recognized for health benefits.

Antioxidant activity, prebiotic effects supporting gut microbiome diversity, anti-inflammatory properties, contributes to tea's overall protective effect on digestive health.